Preheat oven to 325°F. Line 2 baking sheets with parchment paper or silicone baking mats.
In a large bowl, beat softened butter for about 1 minute until creamy. Scrape down the bowl.
Add dark brown sugar and beat for 2–3 minutes until light and fluffy.
Mix in the egg, egg yolk, and vanilla extract until smooth and glossy.
Add flour, baking soda, baking powder, and salt. Mix gently until partially combined.
Fold in 1 cup rolled oats.
Blend 1¼ cups rolled oats into coarse oat flour using a blender or food processor. Add to the dough and mix just until combined. Do not overmix.
Fold in chocolate chips gently by hand.
Scoop dough balls about 1¾ tablespoons each and place 2 inches apart on prepared baking sheets.
Bake for 9–10 minutes until edges are lightly golden and centers still look slightly soft.
Immediately after baking, use two spoons to gently push the edges inward to create thick, fudgy centers.
Let cookies cool on the baking sheet for 5–10 minutes. Press extra chocolate chips on top while warm and sprinkle lightly with sea salt if desired.
Transfer to a wire rack and cool completely before storing.