Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Line a jelly roll pan with parchment paper.
Whisk flour, cocoa powder, baking powder, and salt together.
Beat egg yolks with sugar, then add buttermilk, oil, vanilla, vinegar, and food coloring.
Gently mix dry ingredients into wet mixture.
Whip egg whites until stiff peaks form and fold into batter.
Spread batter evenly in pan and bake for 10–12 minutes.
Roll cake while warm using parchment paper and let cool.
Whip cream, powdered sugar, vanilla, and cream cheese until smooth and thick.
Unroll cake, spread filling evenly, and re-roll gently.
Chill for at least 1 hour before slicing.